As far as I know it is always the last place you docked, and if that was a FC, yes you will respawn there. As far as I know....

And then there is always the chance the FC had moved, so I wouldn't want to leave it such chance if I could avoid it. Now if it is YOUR carrier, you have a bit more control. But theoretically, you could dock on a FC in Sol, get blown up two days later, and respawn in Colonia. As far as I know