Ah, I beg to differ. What you learn in Falcon, you may already know... or at least the basics.
AG = air-to-ground, aka mud moving, bombing, tank plinking, etc.
AA = air-to-air
CCIP and CCRP are different bombing modes. CCIP is "old-style" bombing (manual bombing mode) wherein you wait until the pipper is on the target then press the pickle button to release. CCRP is "assisted" bombing whereby you lock your target either by radar or targeting pod and the computer gives you HUD cues to fly and the computer releases the bomb at the appropriate time. Unlike manual iron sights though, the flight computer in both modes helps the pilot, ie in CCIP (continously computed impact point), the computer shows you where your bomb will hit (pipper) if you release at that moment, so you maneuver and wait until the target is under the pipper, pickle, and the bomb comes off --- but still the computer was helping you there by showing you where your bomb is calculated to hit. Much more accurate than simple iron sights simply because the computer accounts for airspeed, dive angle, height, etc. etc.
Surely you've heard of laser guided munitions? Simple dumb bombs with a laser seeker added on the nose and some controllable fins added to the back end --- you can release from high altitude and the bomb will find a laser-designated target, home in on it, and boom! Precision munitions!
BVR is beyond visual range --- engagements done with medium-range (or long-range) missiles with targets designated via radar.
Knife fights is when you merge and dance around in the air in a struggle to get angles and get a shot at the enemy. Basically what you do in RoF/CoD with machine guns, only in Falcon you can use AIM-9 Sidewinders too and guns. "Knife fight" is a term used because it is close-in fighting.
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Still reading? Good. That was one bite

IME, all the acronyms are really confusing at first. I remember when I started out in DCS A10C. We have the UFC and the CDI, marking the targets as SPI and making sure we have the proper SOI. And clicking DMS Up Short and China Hat Forward Long... confusing! But all I really needed was to find out what they are, and using them over and over made them familiar, and soon enough I learned enough to enjoy DCS A10C!
This is just like tabletop RPG games. Better to get a new player gaming and interested and hooked, then show him the manual but let him read just a few "essential" pages.... I know a lot of guys who said "no" just because they thought they had to read and memorize the whole player's manual.
In any case, redpiano, if you ARE interested to learn even just one aspect of the sim (bombing? refuelling? air-to-air?), I would be glad to teach you what I know. Do not let the words "study sim" and the numerous acronyms intimidate you. Falcon is one of the best sims available, and it has that reputation for a reason!